If no other force is present, the distance between atoms at which the force becomes repulsive rather than attractive as the atoms approach one another is called the van der Waals contact distance this phenomenon results from the mutual repulsion between the atoms' electron clouds. It also underlies many properties of organic compounds and molecular solids, including their solubility in polar and non-polar media. Van der Waals force plays a fundamental role in fields as diverse as supramolecular chemistry, structural biology, polymer science, nanotechnology, surface science, and condensed matter physics. The van der Waals force quickly vanishes at longer distances between interacting molecules. Unlike ionic or covalent bonds, these attractions do not result from a chemical electronic bond they are comparatively weak and therefore more susceptible to disturbance. In molecular physics, the van der Waals force, named after Dutch physicist Johannes Diderik van der Waals, is a distance-dependent interaction between atoms or molecules. Microfiber cloth makes use of London-dispersion force to remove dirt without scratches.
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